American Early Tertiary Mammals

Early Tertiary mammals from North Africa reinforce the molecular Afrotheria clade.

The phylogenetic pattern and timing of the radiation of mammals, especially the geographical origins of major crown clades, are areas of controversy among molecular biologists, morphologists and palaeontologists. Molecular phylogeneticists have identified an Afrotheria clade, which includes several taxa as different as tenrecs (Tenrecidae), golden moles (Chrysochloridae), elephant-shrews (Macro...

Land Mammals and the Great American Interchange

The 'individualization' of large North American mammals.

The enforcement of wildlife laws and the captive breeding of threatened/endangered species requires the ability to identify individual animals. DNA profiles of a variety of large North American mammals, birds, and fish were generated using ten different oligonucleotide probes. The probes tested were four multilocus probes [33.6, 33.15, JE46, and (TGTC)5] and six 'human unilocus' probes [MS1 (D1...

Miocene Mammals and Central American Seaways

Early Fetal Activity in Mammals *

The study of embryonic and fetal activity is not new. Its roots stretch far back into biological history, but no review of the earlier work can be given here, nor is it necessary. Leonard Carmichael6 of Brown University has presented such a review in the second chapter of the revised second edition of A Handbook of Child Psychology. Though, in the treatment of certain controversial points and i...